noun
a condition in which a single word, phrase, or concept has more than one meaning or connotation.
Fast can mean “moving quickly” or “firmly fixed.” The word shows polysemy, which ultimately derives from Greek听辫辞濒媒蝉脓尘辞蝉 “having many meanings.”听笔辞濒媒蝉脓尘辞蝉 箩辞颈苍蝉听辫辞濒媒蝉 “many, much,” 补苍诲听蝉锚尘补 “sign, mark, token.”听笔辞濒媒蝉 yields the combining form听poly-, seen in many English words, such as polygon “many angles” or polytheism “many gods.” 厂锚尘补 produces another term used, like polysemy, in linguistics: semantics “the study of meaning.” In linguistics, polysemy and semantics were modeled on French 辫辞濒测蝉茅尘颈别 补苍诲听蝉茅尘补苍迟颈辩耻别. These words were formed in the late 19th century by French linguist Michel Br茅al (1832鈥1915)鈥攁 man perhaps better remembered for inspiring the modern Olympic marathon in 1896. Polysemy entered English in the 1920s.
Twenty-three alternate meanings for it are listed in English alone鈥攊t is, the editors say, a model of “polysemy,” packing multiple meanings into a single sign … .
This rich polysemy of language is the basis for William Empson’s first type of poetic ambiguity: “when a detail is effective in several ways at once.”
adjective
without a paid job but enjoying the free time: Ask one of your funemployed friends to come along with you.
Funemployed, an informal combination of fun and (un)employed, is a neologism dating to 1995.
So far, at least, he seems like an excellent match for this slightly wilder, funemployed new version of Jess.
Buoyed by severance, savings, unemployment checks or their parents, the funemployed do not spend their days poring over job listings.
noun
something a person carries about for frequent or regular use.
A vade mecum in English is something, especially a book or manual, that a person carries about for consulting. The English phrase comes from the Latin phrase 惫腻诲别 尘脓肠耻尘 鈥済o with me.鈥 The first word, 惫腻诲别, is the second person singular imperative of 惫腻诲别re 鈥渢o go, advance, proceed,鈥 from the same Proto-Indo-European root wadh– 鈥渢o go鈥 as the Germanic (English) wade. 惭脓肠耻尘 鈥漺ith me,鈥 and its kindred forms 迟脓肠耻尘 鈥渨ith thee,鈥 苍艒产颈蝉肠耻尘 鈥渨ith us,鈥 and 惫艒产颈蝉肠耻尘 鈥渨ith you,鈥 are relics or fossils in Latin of an earlier stage in the language when 鈥減repositions鈥 (elements that precede the words governed) were 鈥減ostpositions鈥 (the elements followed the words governed). During imperial times, the anomalous 尘脓肠耻尘 and 迟脓肠耻尘 were strengthened, reinforced by the 鈥渞egular鈥 preposition cum, yielding cum 尘脓肠耻尘 and cum 迟脓肠耻尘, which persist in modern Spanish as conmigo and contigo. Vade mecum entered English in the 17th century.
… the complete poem, though subjected to repeated prosecutions, made its way in pirated editions and became a vade mecum among the radicals.
The travel guides we consult to find a trattoria near Piazza Navova may one day seem as foreign鈥攁nd as revealing of an era marked by overwhelming plenty鈥攁s these fictional vade mecums.