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Embryo straight and axile, with foliaceous cotyledons.—Annuals or perennials, with radical or alternate or whorled entire leaves, without stipules.

In such a case the placent� are naturally axile, or all brought together in the axis or centre; and the ovary has as many Dissepiments, or internal Partitions, as there are carpels in its composition.

Change in the direction of axile organs, roots, stems, &c.—The roots frequently exhibit good illustrations of the effect of the causes above mentioned in altering the natural direction.

Frond 7–11-nerved or more; rootlets several, with axile vascular tissue.

Section of seed of Violet; anatropous with straight axile embryo in the albumen.