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She stuffs the undercarriages of her empire-waist gowns with so much frothy bobbinet mesh that their skirts don’t sit so much on the hips as hover over them like low-flying aircraft.

A series of technical innovations in framework knitting resulted in a groundbreaking lace machine, patented by John Heathcoat in 1809: the Bobbinet lace machine.

The black and gold Dolce & Gabbana “lace” is, in fact, made of re-embroidered bobbinet tulle on traditional looms dating to late 18th-century technology.

Bobbinet.—A variety of Application lace, in which the pattern is applied upon a ground of bobbinet or tulle.

In 1809 bobbin net was invented, and in 1837 the Jacquard system was applied to the bobbinet machine.