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The researchers are currently working on modifying the system to help combat Clostridioides difficile, commonly referred to as C. diff, a bacterium that can cause diarrhea and colitis, among other symptoms.

C. diff infection is the leading cause of death due to gastroenteritis in the U.S.

But the team arrived at a different conclusion after sifting through research included in a multicenter study, which included adults treated with oral vancomycin between 2016-2021 for C. diff infection.

"It's an alarming development in the field of C. diff as there are only two recommended antibiotics," said Kevin Garey, professor of pharmacy practice and translational research.

"If antimicrobial resistance increases in both antibiotics, it will complicate the management of C. diff infection leading us back to a pre-antibiotic era."