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Others on board included modernist Russian poet and a Trotskyite anarchist Victor Serge, Martinican poet and a founder of the anticolonialism Négritude movement Aimé ��é����������, Cuban painter Wifredo Lam; influential Marxist psychiatrist and Pan-Africanist Frantz Fanon, along with fascinating others.

He was a distinguished poet who pioneered Négritude - an anti-colonialist movement that championed African cultures - alongside Martinican poet Aimé Cesairé while a student in Paris in the 1930s.

Oka turned his acolyte on to authors outside the Beat movement, including Frantz Fanon and Aimé ��é���������� — “the first crack in the door to this vast world of literature beyond what was produced here.”

Both Laurence and myself are the products of hybrid, many-faceted experiences which range from Edouard Gilssant and Aimé ��é���������� to Pasolini and Marguerite Duras.

As the set neared its end, Cesaire, 43, noticed the crowd jumping with more and more intensity, so he pulled up a second live feed, this one streaming data from a small, inexpensive seismograph called a Raspberry Shake, which he’d just installed in his classroom at the nearby Civic Leadership Academy.