�������t¶��

He went in to read for the director, Harold Clurman, a famed figure in New York theater.

Though he was the kindest of that coterie, the teacher and director Harold Clurman thought nothing of getting an actor’s attention by throwing a chair at him.

“They dream, they hope, they try to understand,” the revered theater critic Harold Clurman wrote about the characters in a review of a 1946 production.

Adler began teaching the Group’s actors, and Harold Clurman, not Strasberg, directed their next play, Clifford Odets’ masterpiece “Awake and Sing!”

The arrival of Stanislavsky’s teaching in America — where it was preached as the Method by teachers like Harold Clurman, Lee Strasberg and Stella Adler and practiced by artists like Elia Kazan, Marlon Brando and Kim Stanley — coincided with a renewed commitment to realism in theater and film.