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With no sign of a let-up in the Russian advance and the Ukrainian army outgunned, Dovzhenko has little patience for western voices that express concern at the course of the war but offer no tangible help.

"Someone is very concerned while there are rockets falling on our heads. If you're so concerned, we can switch spots. I invite them to Kharkiv or Mykolaiv. Their concern will be very much needed there," Dovzhenko said.

But, on a sunny day in Wroclaw, Dovzhenko and his wife were focused on trying to enjoy their last hours together before he returned to Ukraine.

The defence ministry in Moscow did not respond to a Reuters request for comment on Dovzhenko's recollections.

"There used to be a battle line - our country is here and there was a legal delineation. Now there's no such line. And all of the rockets, the shots, everything that Russia is using now wasn't there before," Dovzhenko said.