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After decades of military rule and brutal repression, ethnic groups, along with a new army of young insurgents, brought the dictatorship to crisis point.

The revised figure makes it the deadliest known attack since insurgents began operating in northern Benin at the beginning of the decade.

Despite promises by Capt Traoré's military government to improve security and even seeking new security partnerships with Russia, the situation remains dire with frequent attacks from insurgents.

He has since travelled across the country, documenting insurgent groups and capturing how their resilience offers hope amid turmoil.

Russia then annexed Crimea and backed insurgents in bloody fighting in eastern Ukraine.