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Yet wrinkles have been observed in brain sections for roughly 20 octopus species already, and the new studies revealed unmistakable new evidence of brain structural folding in the octopod's central nervous system.

Deep-sea mining poses a serious threat to animals such as this octopod that live at the bottom of the ocean, many of which are yet to be identified.Credit:

“My first thought when I saw the clustered octopods was they shouldn’t be there — it’s too deep and there are too many of them,” Voight said.

One species of wart-encrusted octopus looks very much like another — which is why zoologists are taking a good, hard look at those warts: turns out, they could help scientists tell these exceptionally bumpy octopods apart.

"The removal of these nodules may therefore put the lifecycle of these octopods at risk."