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The kind of low-level gaze-following they engage in is mediated by subcortical structures of the brain–those more “primitive” parts also found in mammals and fish.

The analyses expand on previous findings, exploring multiple cortical and subcortical regions of the human brain.

Ghosh, who specializes in subcortical brain structures, suggested that the LC might be a good candidate to study for these effects.

These analyses revealed functional connections between the subcortical default ascending arousal network and the cortical default mode network that contributes to self-awareness in the resting, conscious brain.

Long-range "projection neurons," on the other hand, primarily populate subcortical regions.